This session addresses two significant topics related to Bhutan’s development in urban infrastructure and technology. The first part explores alternative technologies aimed at improving on-site sanitation systems in urban areas, focusing on innovative solutions that can address challenges related to waste management, environmental sustainability, and public health in Bhutan’s growing cities. The second part examines Bhutan’s preparedness for digital transformation, discussing the country’s efforts to integrate digital technologies across sectors, enhance digital literacy, and prepare for the challenges and opportunities of the digital age. Together, these discussions highlight Bhutan’s proactive approach to sustainable development and digital innovation.